Graphene membranes for microextraction

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Carbon nanoparticles and specifically carbon nanotubes can be considered as an inflection point in the development of microextraction techniques on account of their excellent sorbent properties. This fact permits the reduction of the dimensions of the extraction step while maintaining or even improving the preconcentration of the target compounds on the nanosorbent. Since then, different metallic and silica-based nanoparticles have been successfully evaluated in this context. In the last two-three years, a new nanosorbent has revolutionized again microextraction techniques. Graphene (G) and its oxide (GO) present a unique planar structure which makes them different from other nanoparticles and even from allotropic forms of carbon, which confers them with outstanding electrical, mechanical and structural properties. Carbon-based nanomaterials have been extensively used for the isolation and preconcentration of organic compounds usually of aromatic nature thanks to the possibility of retention by π-π interactions. The applications devoted to inorganic, and concretely metallic ions, are yet less reported.

Graphene
A smart modality has been recently published in RSC Advances journal coming from Vigo University (Spain). The researchers have developed a graphene membrane as a platform for the retention of chromium and further speciation by total reflection X-ray fluorescence. They have synthesized a multilayer graphene membrane by the reduction of graphene oxide dropwise deposited into a glass substrate. Once formed, the membrane is easily separated from the support and introduced in the sample where the metallic analyte is retained under continuous stirring. The flexible nature of the membrane prevents it from folding up while maintaining a conical shape during extraction. The synthesis process is described in detail and the optimization of both, graphene membrane fabrication and microextraction procedure are also clearly described.

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Reference

Graphene membranes as novel preconcentration platforms for chromium speciation by total reflection X-ray fluorescence. Link to the article

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